CHAPTER 2
Teaching Approaches and Methods
Summary
Teaching approaches and methods
are essential in an instruction as it embodies the ways of how a teacher
delivers his or her lesson. The learning and the understanding of the lesson
depends on how suited and organized these approaches and methods a teacher is
using. Approaches as defined is a set of opinion that reflects the beliefs
about the nature of the learner or in what way you are going to handle the
learners. The K to 12, as a new curriculum, includes fifteen (15) approaches for their
students that is based on the principles cited in an Act. These are: 1.) Learner-centered
wherein the students are its primary consideration; 2.) Inclusive where the
students are treated equally and no one is
excluded from the class; 3.) Developmentally Appropriate where the tasks
required for the students are suited on their developmental stages; 4.)
Responsive and Relevant which means making the teaching meaningful by
connecting the topic to real life situations and experiences; 5.)Research-based
which is a more interesting and updated approach as it integrates research
findings and gives the students the opportunity to discover things; 6.) Culture-sensitive
which is anchored for the respect for the variation of culture; 7.) Contextualized
and Global puts a certain lesson in a context which connects to a broader
context as the learner’s level of schooling progresses. It may also contain
local and global contexts.; 8.) Constructivist wherein the students learn to discover
things and be responsible for their own
learning through experiences; 9.) Inquiry-based is an approach on where the students will
learn to formulate questions as well as to write researches; 10.) Reflective Approach; 11.) Collaborative
wherein a group of students, can be with
the teacher, works together to complete a certain task; 12.)Integrative, this
can be in different discipline. It combines real life events to a certain
lesson or combines subject to another subject; 13.) Mother-Tongue Based, in
which the instruction is done with the use of mother tongue as its medium; 14.) Spiral Progression wherein it deals with
the concepts that can be added by another concept as the students progress. It
is commonly used in the topics of science and math and; 15.) flexible,
indigenized localized.
If there are Approaches, there
must also be Methods because those are essential partners that work together in
an instruction. Method is an overall plan of a presentation of a lesson and it
must be logically arranged. It is more on procedures. In teaching, there are
two commonly used methods, the Deductive and the Inductive Method. If you start
with a generalization or a rule and then ends with examples and illustrations,
it is a Deductive way of teaching. On the other hand, the Inductive method
starts with a concrete example and details then ends with a generalization or
conclusion. The effectiveness of the method relies on the readiness of both
teacher and learner, the nature of the subject matter and the time allotment
for a subject. Techniques which also can be found and involved sometimes are
the specific activities done in the classroom that is based on the method and
in line with the approach as well.
Reflection
The lesson made me realize that Approaches
must be parallel with the Methods and Techniques to achieve a harmonious and
proper delivery of the lesson. Also, they must be aligned and connected with
each other for the lesson to be effective and productive. There are no better
or best method because the students’ abilities and capabilities vary from one
another. You can only measure the effectiveness of the instruction if the
outcomes are achieved and there are positive changes in the learner’s behavior.
The Approaches, methods and techniques must be well planned for the students to
gain interest and motivate them to learn more about the topic. If I am going to
teach someday, I will use two or more approaches that suits my lesson not only
for it to be creative but also to test the multiple intelligences of every
learner. I will also think of a new activities and games on my techniques to
catch their interest and motivate them. I will also make sure that my methods
are well planned, in line with my approaches, organized and well prepared so
that my instruction will be on track and logically arranged. I believe that
each of us can create and formulate new approaches and methods but it takes lot
of experiences and knowledge in order to achieve that.
What if there is no certain Approach that is used in an instruction?
What if the teacher just instruct without considering his students?
What if there is no certain Approach that is used in an instruction?
What if the teacher just instruct without considering his students?
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